spm salesforce. The official poverty measure has remained mostly unchanged since it was introduced in the mid-1960s. In contrast, the SPM was designed to improve as new data and methods become available. This blog discusses the development of the SPM and differences between the two measures. In Poverty in the United States: 2023, the U.S. Census Bureau released updated estimates of the official poverty measure and the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM). Notably, the official poverty rate fell in 2023 by 0.4 percentage points to 11.1%, while the SPM rate increased by 0.5 percentage points to 12.9%. A primary reason for these results is the differences in the way poverty thresholds ... SPM rates may differ from official + poverty rates for several reasons, from differences in housing costs and program benefits to differences in taxes or medical expenses. The official + poverty rate exceeded the SPM rate in 10 states: Alabama, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, and West Virginia.
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The SPM also accounts for geographic variation in housing expenses when calculating poverty thresholds and includes federal and state taxes, work expenses, and medical expenses. This report presents estimates using the official poverty measure and the SPM for calendar year 2024. In 2009, the Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) created a Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) to replace previous experimental poverty measures. The SPM, which accounts for noncash government assistance, increased to 12.9% in 2023, higher than pre-pandemic levels.
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